IN NOVEMBER 1923, there were 4,210,500,000,000 German marks to the dollar. 4.2 trillion. In lay economics, 1 : 4.2 trillion equals worthless.
Such a ruinous currency devaluation exacts steep psychic tolls. Like a startup expensively acquiring users on a thin promise of future monetization, Germany had one operating principle during World War I: hubris. P…




